There are dozens of possible causes of dyspareunia. Fortunately, many of them aren't too serious. But a few are. So again, you need to get yourself assessed soon. Vaginismus We've mentioned the condition called 'vaginismus' first, because it's so very common. It's a spasm of the vaginal muscles, caused mainly by fear of being hurt. This spasm is often so painful that intercourse is impossible - sometimes for years. Frequently, a vaginismus sufferer reports that she has never had full sex in her life because of it. It is very typical of this condition that victims have also never been able to use tampons. They tend to be very fearful of vaginal examinations, and so may never have had a smear test. Vaginismus arouses strong emotions, and patients who have it are often very angry with partners, with doctors - and with themselves. But the condition is no one's fault. Common causes include: a restrictive upbringing, in which the woman was brought up to view sex as nasty or dirty or wicked. an upbringing in which the woman was somehow given the idea that the vagina is very narrow, and that sex must be very painful. a background where rape or childhood sexual abuse has taken place. Experiences like these understandably make women fearful of sex, and of being hurt. painful vaginal infections. unease with the partner - perhaps at an unconscious level. It is a common misconception that women with vaginismus dislike sex. In fact, many women with this condition enjoy closeness with their
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