The major hazards of meperidine, as with other narcotic analgesics, are respiratory depression and, to a lesser degree, circulatory depression; respiratory arrest, shock , and cardiac arrest have occurred. The most frequently observed adverse reactions include lightheadedness , dizziness , sedation, nausea , vomiting, and sweating . These effects seem to be more prominent in ambulatory patients and in those who are not experiencing severe pain . In such individuals, lower doses are advisable. Some adverse reactions in ambulatory patients may be alleviated if the patient lies down. Other adverse reactions include: Nervous System: Euphoria , dysphoria , weakness, headache , agitation, tremor , uncoordinated muscle movements (e.g. muscle twitches, myoclonus ), severe convulsions, transient hallucinations and disorientation, visual disturbances. Gastrointestinal: Dry mouth , constipation , biliary tract spasm. Cardiovascular: Flushing of the face, tachycardia , bradycardia , palpitation, hypotension (see WARNINGS ), syncope . Genitourinary: Urinary retention. Allergic: Pruritus , urticaria , other skin rashes, wheal and flare over the vein with intravenous injection. Hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis . Drug Abuse And Addiction DEMEROL contains meperidine, a mu-agonist opioid with an abuse liability similar to morphine and is a Schedule II controlled substance. Meperidine, like morphine and other opioids used in analgesia, can be abused and is subject to criminal di
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